General deformation behavior of deep excavation support systems: A review
1 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Egypt.
2 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.
Review Article
Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances, 2022, 10(01), 039–057.
Article DOI: 10.30574/gjeta.2022.10.1.0181
Publication history:
Received on 02 December 2021; revised on 05 January 2022; accepted on 07 January 2022
Abstract:
In geotechnical engineering, ground movement caused by excavations is a challenging issue. The excessive differential settlement generated by soil movement induced by wall deflection may cause damage to nearby structures. A detailed literature review on the general deformation behavior of deep excavation support systems is presented in this paper. Many factors, such as normalized horizontal deflection (δh-max/He%), vertical displacement (δv-max/He%), δvmax/δhmax ratio, settlement influence zone (Do), etc., can play significant roles in describing the deflection behavior of the excavation system. A descriptive analysis of the reviewed data was carried out. The concluded δh-max/He% values range between 0.17 to 1.5, with a mean value of 0.58 for soft clay, while in the case of sands and stiff clay soils δh-max/He% value ranges between 0.07 to 0.40, with a mean value of 0.20. δv-max/He% values range between 0.13 to 1.10, with a mean value of 0.49 for soft soil, while its value ranges between 0.02 to 1.10, with a mean value of 0.24 in the case of sands and stiff clay soils. The settlement influence zone (Do) reaches a mean distance of 2.3He, which falls within Do=1.5-3.5He in the case of soft clays, while Do reaches a mean distance of 2.0He and 3.0He in the case of sands and other stiff clay soils, respectively. The relationship between system stiffness and excavation-induced wall and ground movements was discussed. Unfortunately, the literature review offers limited data regarding system stiffness, the 3-D nature of excavation support systems, excavation processes, and time effects.
Keywords:
Deep excavation; Lateral deformation; Ground movement; Engineering
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