Comparative techno-economic study of two public lighting networks: solar streetlights versus SNEL low-voltage grid on petro Congo road in Masina (Kinshasa)

Public lighting is a major issue for safety and urban development, particularly in areas where access to electricity remains limited. This study focuses on Petro Congo Road, located in Masina (Kinshasa), and compares two lighting solutions: autonomous solar streetlights and the SNEL low-voltage grid.
The approach is based on a techno-economic analysis integrating technical performance, installation and maintenance costs, as well as environmental impact. Solar streetlights, equipped with photovoltaic panels and lithium-ion batteries, provide 8 to 12 hours of nighttime autonomy and a lifespan of more than 20 years for the panels. Their initial cost is higher, but their operation remains inexpensive and independent of the electrical grid.
Conversely, the SNEL grid benefits from existing infrastructure but suffers from numerous limitations: unstable current, frequent breakdowns, high operating costs, and dependence on predominantly thermal energy. Over a ten-year period, the study shows that solar streetlights achieve savings of 30 to 40% compared to the SNEL grid, while reducing CO₂ emissions.
In conclusion, solar streetlights appear to be a sustainable and economically advantageous solution for Masina, despite constraints related to climate and energy storage. The SNEL grid remains relevant in densely electrified areas, but its efficiency is limited by aging infrastructure and recurring costs.